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Invar鈦及鎳基合金-其它合金
專業(yè)為您提供其它合金牌號，材質單，在線報價單 歡迎選購
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.block-item .block-title{color:#333;font-size:20px;line-height:1.5}.page-footer-content .block-item .block-title svg{color:#aaa;margin-right:10px}.page-footer-content .block-item .block-content{padding:5px 0 0 30px;width:210px}.page-footer-content .block-item .block-content>a{color:#666;cursor:pointer;float:left;margin-bottom:5px;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;width:90px}.page-footer-content .block-item .block-content>a:hover{color:#338de6;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none}.page-footer-content .block-item .block-content .block-content-new-icon{height:7px;left:52px;position:absolute;top:3px}網(wǎng)頁新聞貼吧知道網(wǎng)盤圖片視頻地圖文庫資訊采購百科百度首頁登錄注冊進入詞條全站搜索幫助首頁秒懂百科特色百科知識專題加入百科百科團隊權威合作個人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10播報討論上傳視頻材料同義詞Invar（因瓦合金）一般指本詞條由“科普中國”科學百科詞條編寫與應用工作項目 審核 。是1896年法國物理學家C.E.Guialme發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種合金。這種合金在磁性溫度即居里點附近熱膨脹系數(shù)顯著減少，出現(xiàn)所謂反常熱膨脹現(xiàn)象（負反常），從而可以在室溫附近很寬的溫度范圍內(nèi)，獲得很小的甚至接近零的膨脹系數(shù)，這種合金，稱為。這種合金的組成是64%的Fe和36%的Ni，呈面心立方 [2]結構，其牌號為4J36，它的中文名字叫殷鋼，英文名字叫因瓦合金（invar），意思是體積不變又名不膨脹鋼。中文名外文名low expansion alloy別 名因瓦合金主要成分NI36%,FE64%膨脹系數(shù)α(20~100℃)目錄1簡介2性能3類別4加工性能5用途簡介播報編輯在因瓦合金問世的一百多年以來，取其低膨脹系數(shù)低這一特征的應用領域迅速擴大，用因瓦合金制造的精密儀器儀表、標準鐘的擺桿、擺輪及鐘表的游絲成為早期最重要的產(chǎn)品，在上世紀20年代用因瓦合金代替鉑用作于玻璃封接的引絲，大大的降低了成本；到了五、六十年代，因瓦合金的用途繼續(xù)擴大，主要用于無線電電子管、恒溫器中作控溫用的熱雙金屬片、長度標尺、大地測量基線尺等；到了八九十年代，廣泛用于微波技術、液態(tài)氣體儲容器、彩電的陰罩鋼帶、架空輸電線芯材、湝振腔、激光準直儀腔體、三步重復光刻相機基板等。進入21世紀之后，隨著航天技術的飛速發(fā)展，新的應用還包括用在航天遙感器、精密激光、光學測量系統(tǒng)和波導管中作結構件、顯微鏡、天文望遠鏡中巨大透鏡的支撐系統(tǒng)和需要安裝透鏡的各種各樣科學儀器中?？傊?，隨著因瓦合金不斷應用于人造衛(wèi)星、激光、環(huán)形激光陀螺儀和其他先進的高科技產(chǎn)品，有力地表明這些古老的材料正在幫助現(xiàn)代科學向更高水平邁進。性能播報編輯1．膨脹系數(shù)小因瓦合金也叫不脹鋼，其平均膨脹系數(shù)一般為1.5×10-6℃，含鎳在36%是達到0.877×10-6℃，且在室溫－80℃~100℃時均不發(fā)生變化。2．強度、硬度不高因瓦合金含碳量小于0.05%，硬度和強度不高，抗拉強度在517Mpa左右，屈服強度在276Mpa左右，維氏硬度在160左右，一般可以通過冷變形來提高強度，在強度提高的同時仍具有良好的塑性。3．導熱系數(shù)低因瓦合金的導熱系數(shù)為0.026～0.032cal/cm·sec·℃ ， 僅為45鋼導熱系數(shù)的1/3-1/4。4．塑性、韌性高因瓦合金的延伸率和斷面收縮率以及沖擊韌性都很高，延伸率 δ= 25-35%，沖擊韌性αK=18-33公斤 米/厘米2。5．其它性能類別播報編輯合金α /(10－6 ℃-1)TC或TN /℃?zhèn)渥e-36Ni≤1.8232因瓦合金Fe-32Ni-4Co≤1.0230超因瓦合金Fe-52Co-11Cr≤1.0117不銹因瓦合金Fe-36Ni-0.2Se≤1.5-易切削Fe-33Ni-7.5Co≤2.0-高溫(20~300℃)Fe-25Pt-3080鐵-鉑合金Fe-35Pd0.0340鐵-鈀合金Fe-(28~32)Ni-(5.5~10)Pd0.5300鐵-鎳-鈀合金(20~200℃)Pd-35.5Mn1.5-錳-鈀合金Fe-94Cr-0.5Mn約0.0約50 (TN)無磁因瓦合金加工性能播報編輯由于因瓦合金含鎳較高，提高了鋼的淬透性和可淬性，提高了鋼的耐氣性，耐蝕性和耐磨性。 通過因瓦合金的化學成分、金相組織及機械、物理性能分析可知，因瓦合金的切削加工性與奧氏體不銹鋼類似，但比奧氏體不銹鋼還要難加工，故因瓦合金在加工中主要具有切削力大、切削溫度高、刀具磨損快等特點，因而因瓦合金在加工過程中，出現(xiàn)軟、粘和很大的塑性，切屑不易折斷，增加了切屑和前到面的摩擦，加劇了刀具的磨損，這樣不僅降低了刀具的耐用度，而且降低了工件的加工精度，因而在加工因瓦合金加工時，必須采用高性能的硬質合金涂層刀具和新的加工方法，才能使切削加工順利進行，只要方法得當，就可使難加工的因瓦合金變得很容易加工。用途播報編輯大都應用于在一定的環(huán)境溫度要求尺寸近似恒定的元器件中。主要有：(1)精密儀器儀表，光學儀器中的元件，如精密天平的臂，標準件的擺桿，擺輪，鐘表的外補償?shù)龋?2)長度標尺。大地測量基線尺；(3)各種諧振腔，微波通訊的波導管，標準頻率發(fā)生器等；(4)標準電容器的葉片和支承桿等；(5)液態(tài)天然氣，液態(tài)氫，液態(tài)氧等的儲蓄罐和運輸管道；(6)熱雙金屬片的被動層；(7)高分辨率陰極射線管(顯象管)中的陰罩；(8)宇航工業(yè)復合材料零件的模子；(9)用于人造衛(wèi)星，激光，環(huán)形激光陀螺儀及其他先進的高科技產(chǎn)品 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Invar概述Invar合金又稱因瓦(INVAR)合金，合金的居里點約為230℃，低于這一溫度時合金是鐵磁性的，具有很低的膨脹系數(shù)，高于這一溫度時合金為無磁性的，膨脹系數(shù)增大。該合金主要用于制造在氣溫變化范圍內(nèi)尺寸近似恒定的元件，廣泛用于無線電工業(yè)、精密儀器、儀表及其他工業(yè)。Invar熱處理制度 標準規(guī)定的膨脹系數(shù)性能檢驗試樣按下述方法加工和熱處理：將半成品試樣加熱至840℃±10℃，保溫1h,水淬，再將試樣加工為成品試樣，在315℃±10℃保溫1h，隨爐冷或空冷。Invar應用概況與特殊要求 該合金是典型低膨脹合金。經(jīng)航空工廠長期使用，性能穩(wěn)定；使用中應嚴格控制熱處理工藝及加工工藝，以保證材料的穩(wěn)定性。 PRODUCT PARAMETERS 產(chǎn)品參數(shù) Invar化學成分CPSSiMnNiFe0.235.00.050.0200.0200.300.637.0余量在平均線膨脹系數(shù)達到標準規(guī)定條件下，允許鎳含量偏離表規(guī)定范圍。Invar物理及化學性能 Invar熱性能 Invar溶化溫度范圍 1430～1450℃。Invar熱導率 λ=11W/(m?℃)。Invar比熱容 c(20～100℃)=515J/(kg?℃)。Invar線膨脹系數(shù) 標準規(guī)定α1(20～100℃)≤1.5×10-6℃-1。合金試樣在保護氣氛或真空中加熱到880℃±20℃，保溫1h，以不大于300℃/h冷卻，其平均線膨脹系數(shù)見表。溫度范圍/℃溫度范圍/℃/10-6℃-120～601.820～2503.620～401.820～3005.220～201.620～3506.520～01.620～4007.820～501.120～4508.920～1001.420～5009.720～1501.920～55010.420～2002.520～60011.0Invar密度 ρ=8.10g/cm3。Invar電性能Invar電阻率 ρ=0.78μΩ·m。Invar電阻溫度系數(shù)。 溫度范圍/℃20～5020～10020～20020～30020～40020～500αR/103℃-11.81.71.41.21.00.9Invar磁性能Invar居里點 Tc=230℃。Invar合金（帶材）的磁性能H/(A/m)B/TH/(A/m)B/T81.8×10-21600.74164.2×10-24000.97248×10-28001.12400.220001.27800.540001.32在4000A/m下，剩余磁感應強度Br=0.6T，矯頑力Hc=48A/m[1,2]。 上一頁：1.3912
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