25MN特種鋼板-碳素鋼/模具鋼系列
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.block-content-new-icon{height:7px;left:52px;position:absolute;top:3px}網(wǎng)頁新聞貼吧知道網(wǎng)盤圖片視頻地圖文庫資訊采購百科百度首頁登錄注冊進入詞條全站搜索幫助首頁秒懂百科特色百科知識專題加入百科百科團隊權(quán)威合作個人中心收藏查看我的收藏0有用+10優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼(GB/T699—1999)播報討論上傳視頻中國國家標準同義詞25Mn(優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼)一般指優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼(GB/T699—1999)優(yōu)質(zhì)碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼(GB/T699—1999)是中國國家標準,原由中華人民共和國國家質(zhì)量監(jiān)督檢驗檢疫總局與中國國家標準化管理委員會發(fā)布,2016年11月1日被GB/T699-2015標準替代。該標準規(guī)定了碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼的分類、化學成分、力學性能及交貨狀態(tài)等技術(shù)指標,按硫、磷含量分為優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼、高級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼、特級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼三個等級,主要元素包括碳、硅、錳、鉻、銅等。鋼種依據(jù)含碳量分為低碳鋼(如08F)、中碳鋼(如45)和高碳鋼(如65Mn),牌號通過數(shù)字與元素符號標識碳含量及合金特征。低碳鋼適用于沖壓件和冷軋薄板,中碳鋼經(jīng)熱處理后多用于機械軸類及齒輪,高碳鋼則用于彈簧、軋輥等耐磨部件。標準明確了不同牌號的熱處理工藝、力學性能范圍及其在機械制造、交通運輸?shù)阮I(lǐng)域的應用規(guī)范。中文名碳素結(jié)構(gòu)鋼標 準GB/T699—1999化學成分C Si Mn Cr M Cu材料信息序號 同一數(shù)字 代號 牌號 化學成分(質(zhì)量分數(shù))(%) C Si Mn Cr M Cu ≤ 1 U20080 08F 0.05~0.11 ≤0.03 0.25~0.50 0.10 0.30 0.25 2 U20l00 10F 0.07~0.13 ≤0.07 0.25~0.50 0.15 0.30 0.25 3 U20150 15F 0.12~0.18 ≤0.07 0.25~0.50 0.25 0.30 0.25 4 U20082 08 0.05~0.11 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.10 0.30 0.25 5 U20102 lO 0.07~0.13 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.15 0.30 0.25 6 U20152 15 0.12~0.18 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.25 0.30 0.25 7 U20202 20 0.17~0.23 0.17~0.37 0.35~0.65 0.25 0.30 0.25 8 U20252 25 0.22~0.29 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 9 U20302 30 0.27~0.34 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 10 U20352 35 0.32~0.39 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.B0 0.25 0.30 0.25 11 U20402 40 0.37~0.44 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 12 U20452 45 0.42_0.50 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 O.30 0.25 13 U20502 50 0.47~0.55 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 14 U20552 55 0.52~0.60 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 15 U20602 60 0.57~0.65 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 16 U20652 65 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 17 U20702 70 0.67~0.75 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 18 U20752 75 0.72~0.80 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 19 U20802 80 0.77~0.85 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 20 U20852 85 0.82~0.90 0.17~0.37 0.50~0.80 0.25 0.30 0.25 21 U21152 15№ 0.12~0.18 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 22 U21202 20Mn 0.17~0.23 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 23 U21252 25Mn 0.22~0.29 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 24 U21302 30Mn 0.27~0.34 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 25 U21352 35Mn 0.32~0.39 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 26 U21402 40Mn 0.37~0.44 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 27 U21452 45Mn 0.42~0.50 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 28 U21502 50Mn 0.48~0.56 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 29 U21602 60Mn 0.57~0.65 0.17~0.37 0.70~1.00 0.25 0.30 0.25 30 U21652 65Mn 0.62~0.70 0.17~0.37 0.90~1.20 0.25 0.30 0.25 3l U21702 70MN 0.67~0.75 0.17~0.37 0.90~1.20 0.25 0.30 0.25序號同一數(shù)字 代號牌號化學成分(質(zhì)量分數(shù))(%)--------CSiMnCrMCu≤--------1U2008008F0.05~0.11≤0.030.25~0.500.100.300.252U20l0010F0.07~0.13≤0.070.25~0.500.150.300.253U2015015F0.12~0.18≤0.070.25~0.500.250.300.254U20082080.05~0.110.17~0.370.35~0.650.100.300.255U20102lO0.07~0.130.17~0.370.35~0.650.150.300.256U20152150.12~0.180.17~0.370.35~0.650.250.300.257U20202200.17~0.230.17~0.370.35~0.650.250.300.258U20252250.22~0.290.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.259U20302300.27~0.340.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2510U20352350.32~0.390.17~0.370.50~0.B00.250.300.2511U20402400.37~0.440.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2512U20452450.42_0.500.17~0.370.50~0.800.25O.300.2513U20502500.47~0.550.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2514U20552550.52~0.600.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2515U20602600.57~0.650.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2516U20652650.62~0.700.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2517U20702700.67~0.750.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2518U20752750.72~0.800.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2519U20802800.77~0.850.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2520U20852850.82~0.900.17~0.370.50~0.800.250.300.2521U2115215№0.12~0.180.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2522U2120220Mn0.17~0.230.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2523U2125225Mn0.22~0.290.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2524U2130230Mn0.27~0.340.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2525U2135235Mn0.32~0.390.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2526U2140240Mn0.37~0.440.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2527U2145245Mn0.42~0.500.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2528U2150250Mn0.48~0.560.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2529U2160260Mn0.57~0.650.17~0.370.70~1.000.250.300.2530U2165265Mn0.62~0.700.17~0.370.90~1.200.250.300.253lU2170270MN0.67~0.750.17~0.370.90~1.200.250.300.25鉛浴淬火(派登脫)鋼絲用的35.85鋼的錳含量為0.30%~0.60%;鉻含量不大于0.10%,鎳含量不大于O.15%,銅含量不大于0.20%;硫、磷含量應符合鋼絲標準要求。組 別 P S (%)≤ 優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼 0.035 0.035 高級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼 0.030 0.030 特級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼 0.025 O.020組 別PS(%)≤--優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼0.0350.035高級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼0.0300.030特級優(yōu)質(zhì)鋼0.025O.020牌號 試樣毛坯尺寸/mm 推薦熱處理/℃ 力學性能 鋼材交貨狀態(tài)硬度HBSl0/300≤ 正火 淬火 回火 ób/MPa ós/MPa δ5(%) Ψ(%) AKu2/J ≥ 未熱處理鋼 退火鋼 08F 25 930 295 175 35 60 13l 10F 25 930 315 185 33 55 137 15F 25 920 355 205 29 55 143 08 25 930 325 195 33 60 131 IO 籃 930 335 205 3l 55 137 15 25 920 375 225 27 55 143 20 25 910 4lO 245 25 55 156 25 25 900 870 600 450 275 23 50 71 170 30 25 880 860 600 490 295 21 50 63 179 35 25 870 850 600 530 315 20 45 55 197 40 25 860 840 60D 570 335 19 45 47 217 187 45 25 850 840 600 600 355 16 40 39 229 197 50 25 830 830 600 630 375 14 40 31 24l 207 55 25 820 820 600 645 380 13 35 255 217 60 25 810 675 400 12 35 255 229 65 25 810 695 410 lO 30 255 229 70 25 790 715 420 9 30 269 229 75 試樣 820 480 1080 880 7 30 285 24l 80 試樣 820 480 1080 930 6 30 285 241 85 試樣 820 480 1130 980 6 30 302 255 15Mn 25 920 410 245 26 55 163 20Mn 25 910 450 275 24 50 197 25Mn 25 900 870 600 490 295 22 50 71 207 30Mn 25 880 860 600 540 315 20 45 63 217 187 35Mn 25 870 850 600 560 335 18 45 55 229 197 40Mn 25 860 840 600 590 355 17 45 47 229 207 45Mn 25 850 840 600 620 375 15 40 39 241 217 50Mn 25 830 830 600 645 390 13 40 3l 255 217 60Mn 25 810 695 410 11 35 269 229 65Mn 25 830 735 430 9 30 285 229 70Mn 25 790 785 450 8 30 285 229牌號試樣毛坯尺寸/mm推薦熱處理/℃力學性能鋼材交貨狀態(tài)硬度HBSl0/300≤-------正火淬火回火ób/MPaós/MPaδ5(%)Ψ(%)AKu2/J----≥未熱處理鋼退火鋼---------08F25930--2951753560-13l-10F25930--3151853355-137-15F25920--3552052955-143-0825930--3251953360-131-IO籃930--3352053l55-137-1525920--3752252755-143-2025910--4lO2452555-156-2525900870600450275235071170-3025880860600490295215063179-3525870850600530315204555197-402586084060D5703351945472171874525850840600600355164039229197502583083060063037514403124l20755258208206006453801335-2552176025810--6754001235-2552296525810--695410lO30-2552297025790--715420930-26922975試樣-8204801080880730-28524l80試樣-8204801080930630-28524185試樣-8204801130980630-30225515Mn25920--4102452655-163-20Mn25910--4502752450-197-25Mn25900870600490295225071207-30Mn2588086060054031520456321718735Mn2587085060056033518455522919740Mn2586084060059035517454722920745Mn2585084060062037515403924121750Mn2583083060064539013403l25521760Mn25810--6954101135-26922965Mn25830--735430930-28522970Mn25790--785450830-285229鋼材交貨狀態(tài)硬度HBSl0/300≤15Mn牌 號 主要特性 應用舉例 08F 優(yōu)質(zhì)沸騰鋼,強度、硬度低,塑性極好。深沖壓,深拉延性好,冷加工性,焊接性好 成分偏析傾向大,時效敏感性大,故冷加工時,可采用消除應力熱處理,或水韌處理,防止冷加工斷裂 易軋成薄板,薄帶、冷變形材、冷拉鋼絲 用作沖壓件、壓延件,各類不承受載荷的覆蓋件、滲碳、滲氮、氰化件、制作各類套筒、靠模、支架 08 極軟低碳鋼,強度、硬度很低,塑性、韌性極好,冷加工性好,淬透性、淬硬性極差,時效敏感性比08F稍弱,不宜切削加工,退火后,導磁性能好 宜軋制成薄板、薄帶、冷變形材、冷拉、冷沖壓、焊接件、表面硬化件 1OF lO 強度低(稍高于08鋼),塑性、韌性很好,焊接性優(yōu)良,無回火脆性。易冷熱加工成型、淬透性很差,正火或冷加工后切削性能好 宜用冷軋、冷沖、冷鐓、冷彎、熱軋、熱擠壓、熱鐓等工藝成型,制造要求受力不大、韌性高的零件,如摩擦片、深沖器皿、汽車車身、彈體等 15F 15 強度、硬度、塑性與1OF、10鋼相近。為改善其切削性能需進行正火或水韌處理適當進步硬度。淬透性、淬硬性低、韌性、焊接性好 制造受力不大,外形簡單,但韌性要求較高或焊接性能較好的中、小結(jié)構(gòu)件、螺釘、螺栓、拉桿、起重鉤、焊接容器等 20 強度硬度稍高于15F,15鋼,塑性焊接性都好,熱軋或正火后韌性好 制作不太重要的中、小型滲碳、碳氮共滲件、鍛壓件,如杠桿軸、變速箱變速叉、齒輪,重型機械拉桿、鉤環(huán)等牌 號主要特性應用舉例08F優(yōu)質(zhì)沸騰鋼,強度、硬度低,塑性極好。深沖壓,深拉延性好,冷加工性,焊接性好 成分偏析傾向大,時效敏感性大,故冷加工時,可采用消除應力熱處理,或水韌處理,防止冷加工斷裂易軋成薄板,薄帶、冷變形材、冷拉鋼絲 用作沖壓件、壓延件,各類不承受載荷的覆蓋件、滲碳、滲氮、氰化件、制作各類套筒、靠模、支架08極軟低碳鋼,強度、硬度很低,塑性、韌性極好,冷加工性好,淬透性、淬硬性極差,時效敏感性比08F稍弱,不宜切削加工,退火后,導磁性能好宜軋制成薄板、薄帶、冷變形材、冷拉、冷沖壓、焊接件、表面硬化件1OF lO強度低(稍高于08鋼),塑性、韌性很好,焊接性優(yōu)良,無回火脆性。易冷熱加工成型、淬透性很差,正火或冷加工后切削性能好宜用冷軋、冷沖、冷鐓、冷彎、熱軋、熱擠壓、熱鐓等工藝成型,制造要求受力不大、韌性高的零件,如摩擦片、深沖器皿、汽車車身、彈體等15F 15強度、硬度、塑性與1OF、10鋼相近。為改善其切削性能需進行正火或水韌處理適當進步硬度。淬透性、淬硬性低、韌性、焊接性好制造受力不大,外形簡單,但韌性要求較高或焊接性能較好的中、小結(jié)構(gòu)件、螺釘、螺栓、拉桿、起重鉤、焊接容器等20強度硬度稍高于15F,15鋼,塑性焊接性都好,熱軋或正火后韌性好制作不太重要的中、小型滲碳、碳氮共滲件、鍛壓件,如杠桿軸、變速箱變速叉、齒輪,重型機械拉桿、鉤環(huán)等成分偏析傾向大,時效敏感性大,故冷加工時,可采用消除應力熱處理,或水韌處理,防止冷加工斷裂回火脆性。易冷熱加工成型、淬透性很差,正火或冷加工后切削性能好鉤環(huán)等25 具有一定強度、硬度。塑性和韌性好。焊接性、冷塑性加工性較高,被切削性中等、淬透性、淬硬性差。淬火后低溫回火后強韌性好,無回火脆性 焊接件、熱鍛、熱沖壓件滲碳后用作耐磨件 30 強度、硬度較高,塑性好、焊接性尚好,可在正火或調(diào)質(zhì)后使用,適于熱鍛、熱壓。被切削性良好 用于受力不大,溫度<150℃的低載荷零件,如絲桿、拉桿、軸鍵、齒輪、軸套筒等,滲碳件表面耐磨性好,可作耐磨件 35 強度適當。塑性較好,冷塑性高,焊接性尚可。冷態(tài)下可局部鐓粗和拉絲。淬透性低,正火或調(diào)質(zhì)后使用 適于制造小截面零件,可承受較大載荷的零件,如曲軸、杠桿、連桿、鉤環(huán)等,各種標準件、緊固件 40 強度較高,可切削性良好,冷變形能力中等,焊接性差,無回火脆性,淬透性低,易生水淬裂紋,多在調(diào)質(zhì)或正火態(tài)使用,兩者綜合性能相近,表面淬火后可用于制造承受較大應力件 適于制造曲軸心軸、傳動軸、活塞桿、連桿、鏈輪、齒輪等,作焊接件時需先預熱,焊后緩冷 45 最常用中碳調(diào)質(zhì)鋼,綜協(xié)力學性能良好,淬透性低,水淬時易生裂紋。小型件宜采用調(diào)質(zhì)處理,大型件宜采用正火處理 主要用于制造強度高的運動件,如透平機葉輪、壓縮機活塞。軸、齒輪、齒條、蝸桿等。 焊接件留意焊前預熱,焊后消除應力退火 50 高強度中碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,冷變形能力低,可切削性中等。焊接性差,無回火脆性,淬透性較低,水淬時,易生裂紋。使用狀態(tài):正火,淬火后回火,高頻表面淬火,適用于在動載荷及沖擊作用不大的條件下耐磨性高的機械零件 鑄造齒輪、拉桿、軋輥、軸摩擦盤、機床主軸、發(fā)動機曲軸、農(nóng)業(yè)機械犁鏵、重載荷心軸及各種軸類零件等,及較次要的減振彈簧、彈簧墊圈等 55 具有高強度和硬度,塑性和韌性差,被切削性中等,焊接性差,淬透性差,水淬時易淬裂。多在正火或調(diào)質(zhì)處理后使用,適于制造高強度、高彈性、高耐磨性機件 齒輪、連桿、輪圈、輪緣、機車輪箍、扁彈簧、熱軋軋輥等 60 具有高強度、高硬度和高彈性。冷變形時塑性差,可切削性能中等,焊接性不好,淬透性差,水淬易生裂紋;故大型件用正火處理。 軋輥、軸類、輪箍、彈簧圈、減振彈簧、離合器、鋼絲繩 牌 號 主要特性 應用舉例 65 適當熱處理或冷作硬化后具有較高強度與彈性。焊接性不好。易形成裂紋,不宜焊接,可切削性差,冷變形塑性低,淬透性不好,一般采用油淬,大截面件采用水淬油冷,或正火處理。其特點是在相同組態(tài)下其疲憊強度可與合金彈簧鋼相當 宜用于制造截面、外形簡單、受力小的扁形或螺形彈簧零件。如汽門彈簧、彈簧環(huán)等也宜用于制造高耐磨性零件,如軋輥、曲軸、凸輪 及鋼絲繩等 70 強度和彈性比65錒稍高,其他性能與65鋼近似 彈簧、鋼絲、鋼帶、車輪圈等 75 80 性能與65、70鋼相似,但強度較高而彈性路低,其淬透性亦不高。通常在淬火、回火后使用 板彈簧、螺旋彈簧、抗磨損零件、較低速車輪等 85 含碳量最高的高碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,強度、硬度比其他高碳鋼高,但彈性略低,其他性能與65,70,75,80鋼相近似。淬透性仍然不高 鐵道車輛、扁形板彈簧、圓形螺旋彈簧、鋼絲鋼帶等 15Mn 含錳(WMn0.70%。1.00%)較高的低碳滲碳鋼,因錳高故其強度、塑性、可切削性和淬透性均比15鋼稍高,滲碳與淬火時表面形成軟點較少,宜進行滲碳、碳氮共滲處理,得到表面耐磨而心都韌性好的綜合性能。熱軋或正火處理后韌性好 齒輪、曲柄軸。支架、鉸鏈、螺釘、螺母。 鉚焊結(jié)構(gòu)件。板材適于制造油罐等。嚴冷地區(qū)農(nóng)具,如奶油罐等 20Mn 其強度和淬透性比15Mn鋼略高,其他性能與15Mn鋼相近 與15Mn鋼基本相同 25Mn 性能與20Mn及25鋼相近,強度稍高 與20Mn及25鋼相近 30Mn 與30鋼相比具有較高的強度和淬透性,冷變形時塑性好,焊接性中等,可切削性良好。熱處理時有回火脆性傾向及過熱敏感性 螺栓、螺母、螺釘、拉桿、杠桿、小軸、剎車機齒輪 35Mn 強度及淬透性比30Mn高,冷變形時的塑性中等??汕邢餍院?,但焊接性較差。宜調(diào)質(zhì)處理后使用 轉(zhuǎn)軸、嚙合桿、螺栓、螺母、螺釘?shù)?,心軸、齒輪等 40Mn 淬透性略高于40鋼。熱處理后,強度、硬度、韌性比40鋼稍高,冷變形塑性中等,可切削性好,焊接性低,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性,水淬易裂 耐疲憊件、曲軸、輥子、軸、連桿。高應力下工作的螺釘、螺母等 45Mn 中碳調(diào)質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,調(diào)質(zhì)后具有良好的綜協(xié)力學性能。淬透性、強度、韌性比45鋼高,可切削性尚好,冷變形塑性低,焊接性差,具有回火脆性傾向 轉(zhuǎn)軸、心軸、花鍵軸、汽車半軸、萬向接頭軸、曲軸、連桿、制動杠桿、嚙合桿、齒輪、離合器、螺栓、螺母等 50Mn 性能與50鋼相近,但其淬透性較高,熱處理后強度、硬度、彈性均稍高于50鋼。焊接性差,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向 用作承受高應力零件。高耐磨零件。如齒輪、齒輪軸、摩擦盤、心軸、平板彈簧等 60Mn 強度、硬度、彈性和淬透性比60鋼稍高,退火態(tài)可切削性良好、冷變形塑性和焊接性差。具有過熱敏感和回火脆性傾向 大尺寸螺旋彈簧、板簧、各種圓扁彈簧,彈簧環(huán)、片,冷拉鋼絲及發(fā)條 65Mn 強度、硬度、彈性和淬透性均比65鋼高,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向,水淬有形成裂紋傾向。退火態(tài)可切削性尚可,冷變形塑性低,焊接性差 受中等載荷的板彈簧,直徑達7—20mm螺旋彈簧及彈簧墊圈、彈簧環(huán)。高耐磨性零件,如磨床主軸、彈簧卡頭、精密機床絲桿、犁、切刀、螺旋輥子軸承上的套環(huán)、鐵道鋼軌等 70Mn 性能與70鋼相近,但淬透性稍高,熱處理后強度、硬度、彈性均比70鋼好,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向,易脫碳及水淬時形成裂紋傾向、冷塑性變形能力差 承受大應力、磨損條件下工作零件。如各種彈簧圈、彈簧墊圈、止推環(huán)、鎖緊圈、離合器盤等25具有一定強度、硬度。塑性和韌性好。焊接性、冷塑性加工性較高,被切削性中等、淬透性、淬硬性差。淬火后低溫回火后強韌性好,無回火脆性焊接件、熱鍛、熱沖壓件滲碳后用作耐磨件30強度、硬度較高,塑性好、焊接性尚好,可在正火或調(diào)質(zhì)后使用,適于熱鍛、熱壓。被切削性良好用于受力不大,溫度<150℃的低載荷零件,如絲桿、拉桿、軸鍵、齒輪、軸套筒等,滲碳件表面耐磨性好,可作耐磨件35強度適當。塑性較好,冷塑性高,焊接性尚可。冷態(tài)下可局部鐓粗和拉絲。淬透性低,正火或調(diào)質(zhì)后使用適于制造小截面零件,可承受較大載荷的零件,如曲軸、杠桿、連桿、鉤環(huán)等,各種標準件、緊固件40強度較高,可切削性良好,冷變形能力中等,焊接性差,無回火脆性,淬透性低,易生水淬裂紋,多在調(diào)質(zhì)或正火態(tài)使用,兩者綜合性能相近,表面淬火后可用于制造承受較大應力件適于制造曲軸心軸、傳動軸、活塞桿、連桿、鏈輪、齒輪等,作焊接件時需先預熱,焊后緩冷45最常用中碳調(diào)質(zhì)鋼,綜協(xié)力學性能良好,淬透性低,水淬時易生裂紋。小型件宜采用調(diào)質(zhì)處理,大型件宜采用正火處理主要用于制造強度高的運動件,如透平機葉輪、壓縮機活塞。軸、齒輪、齒條、蝸桿等。 焊接件留意焊前預熱,焊后消除應力退火50高強度中碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,冷變形能力低,可切削性中等。焊接性差,無回火脆性,淬透性較低,水淬時,易生裂紋。使用狀態(tài):正火,淬火后回火,高頻表面淬火,適用于在動載荷及沖擊作用不大的條件下耐磨性高的機械零件鑄造齒輪、拉桿、軋輥、軸摩擦盤、機床主軸、發(fā)動機曲軸、農(nóng)業(yè)機械犁鏵、重載荷心軸及各種軸類零件等,及較次要的減振彈簧、彈簧墊圈等55具有高強度和硬度,塑性和韌性差,被切削性中等,焊接性差,淬透性差,水淬時易淬裂。多在正火或調(diào)質(zhì)處理后使用,適于制造高強度、高彈性、高耐磨性機件齒輪、連桿、輪圈、輪緣、機車輪箍、扁彈簧、熱軋軋輥等60具有高強度、高硬度和高彈性。冷變形時塑性差,可切削性能中等,焊接性不好,淬透性差,水淬易生裂紋;故大型件用正火處理。軋輥、軸類、輪箍、彈簧圈、減振彈簧、離合器、鋼絲繩牌 號主要特性應用舉例65適當熱處理或冷作硬化后具有較高強度與彈性。焊接性不好。易形成裂紋,不宜焊接,可切削性差,冷變形塑性低,淬透性不好,一般采用油淬,大截面件采用水淬油冷,或正火處理。其特點是在相同組態(tài)下其疲憊強度可與合金彈簧鋼相當宜用于制造截面、外形簡單、受力小的扁形或螺形彈簧零件。如汽門彈簧、彈簧環(huán)等也宜用于制造高耐磨性零件,如軋輥、曲軸、凸輪 及鋼絲繩等70強度和彈性比65錒稍高,其他性能與65鋼近似彈簧、鋼絲、鋼帶、車輪圈等75 80性能與65、70鋼相似,但強度較高而彈性路低,其淬透性亦不高。通常在淬火、回火后使用板彈簧、螺旋彈簧、抗磨損零件、較低速車輪等85含碳量最高的高碳結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,強度、硬度比其他高碳鋼高,但彈性略低,其他性能與65,70,75,80鋼相近似。淬透性仍然不高鐵道車輛、扁形板彈簧、圓形螺旋彈簧、鋼絲鋼帶等15Mn含錳(WMn0.70%。1.00%)較高的低碳滲碳鋼,因錳高故其強度、塑性、可切削性和淬透性均比15鋼稍高,滲碳與淬火時表面形成軟點較少,宜進行滲碳、碳氮共滲處理,得到表面耐磨而心都韌性好的綜合性能。熱軋或正火處理后韌性好齒輪、曲柄軸。支架、鉸鏈、螺釘、螺母。 鉚焊結(jié)構(gòu)件。板材適于制造油罐等。嚴冷地區(qū)農(nóng)具,如奶油罐等20Mn其強度和淬透性比15Mn鋼略高,其他性能與15Mn鋼相近與15Mn鋼基本相同25Mn性能與20Mn及25鋼相近,強度稍高與20Mn及25鋼相近30Mn與30鋼相比具有較高的強度和淬透性,冷變形時塑性好,焊接性中等,可切削性良好。熱處理時有回火脆性傾向及過熱敏感性螺栓、螺母、螺釘、拉桿、杠桿、小軸、剎車機齒輪35Mn強度及淬透性比30Mn高,冷變形時的塑性中等。可切削性好,但焊接性較差。宜調(diào)質(zhì)處理后使用轉(zhuǎn)軸、嚙合桿、螺栓、螺母、螺釘?shù)龋妮S、齒輪等40Mn淬透性略高于40鋼。熱處理后,強度、硬度、韌性比40鋼稍高,冷變形塑性中等,可切削性好,焊接性低,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性,水淬易裂耐疲憊件、曲軸、輥子、軸、連桿。高應力下工作的螺釘、螺母等45Mn中碳調(diào)質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)鋼,調(diào)質(zhì)后具有良好的綜協(xié)力學性能。淬透性、強度、韌性比45鋼高,可切削性尚好,冷變形塑性低,焊接性差,具有回火脆性傾向轉(zhuǎn)軸、心軸、花鍵軸、汽車半軸、萬向接頭軸、曲軸、連桿、制動杠桿、嚙合桿、齒輪、離合器、螺栓、螺母等50Mn性能與50鋼相近,但其淬透性較高,熱處理后強度、硬度、彈性均稍高于50鋼。焊接性差,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向用作承受高應力零件。高耐磨零件。如齒輪、齒輪軸、摩擦盤、心軸、平板彈簧等60Mn強度、硬度、彈性和淬透性比60鋼稍高,退火態(tài)可切削性良好、冷變形塑性和焊接性差。具有過熱敏感和回火脆性傾向大尺寸螺旋彈簧、板簧、各種圓扁彈簧,彈簧環(huán)、片,冷拉鋼絲及發(fā)條65Mn強度、硬度、彈性和淬透性均比65鋼高,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向,水淬有形成裂紋傾向。退火態(tài)可切削性尚可,冷變形塑性低,焊接性差受中等載荷的板彈簧,直徑達7—20mm螺旋彈簧及彈簧墊圈、彈簧環(huán)。高耐磨性零件,如磨床主軸、彈簧卡頭、精密機床絲桿、犁、切刀、螺旋輥子軸承上的套環(huán)、鐵道鋼軌等70Mn性能與70鋼相近,但淬透性稍高,熱處理后強度、硬度、彈性均比70鋼好,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向,易脫碳及水淬時形成裂紋傾向、冷塑性變形能力差承受大應力、磨損條件下工作零件。如各種彈簧圈、彈簧墊圈、止推環(huán)、鎖緊圈、離合器盤等應力退火熱軋軋輥等冷作硬化后具有較高強度與彈性。焊接性不好。易形成裂紋,不宜焊接,可切削性差,冷變形塑性低,淬透性不好,一般采用油淬,大截面件采用水淬油冷,或正火處理。其特點是在相同組態(tài)下其疲憊強度可與合金彈簧鋼相當嚴冷地區(qū)農(nóng)具,如奶油罐等過熱敏感性萬向接頭軸、曲軸、連桿、制動杠桿、嚙合桿、齒輪、離合器、螺栓、螺母等50鋼相近,但其淬透性較高,熱處理后強度、硬度、彈性均稍高于50鋼。焊接性差,具有過熱敏感性和回火脆性傾向止推環(huán)、鎖緊圈、離合器盤等新手上路成長任務編輯入門編輯規(guī)則本人編輯我有疑問內(nèi)容質(zhì)疑在線客服官方貼吧意見反饋投訴建議舉報不良信息未通過詞條申訴投訴侵權(quán)信息封禁查詢與解封?2025?Baidu?使用百度前必讀?|?百科協(xié)議?|?隱私政策?|?百度百科合作平臺?|?京ICP證030173號?京公網(wǎng)安備11000002000001號window.PAGE_DATA= 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未熱處理≤207HB試樣尺寸:試樣尺寸為25mm熱處理工藝:900℃正火、870℃淬火、600℃回火。碳素鋼分類低碳鋼包括:05F、08F、08、10F、10、15F、15、20F、20、25、20Mn、25Mn等;中碳鋼包括:30、35、40、45、50、55、60、30Mn、40Mn、50Mn、60Mn等;高碳鋼包括:65、70、65Mn等。25mn與25鋼相比具有較高的強度和淬透性,冷變形時塑性好,焊接性中等,可切削性良好。熱處理時有回火脆性傾向及過熱敏感性。 適用于螺栓.螺母.螺釘.拉桿.小軸.剎車機齒輪。