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hastelloyb-2鈦及鎳基合金-哈氏合金｜HASTELLOY
專(zhuān)業(yè)為您提供哈氏合金｜HASTELLOY牌號(hào)，材質(zhì)單，在線報(bào)價(jià)單 歡迎選購(gòu)
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。是一種鎳基耐腐蝕合金，主要分成鎳-鉻合金與鎳鉻鉬合金兩大類(lèi)。具有良好的抗腐蝕性和熱穩(wěn)定性，多用于航空事業(yè)，化學(xué)領(lǐng)域等。中文名外文名Hartz alloy類(lèi) 型合金特 點(diǎn)具有抗腐蝕性和熱穩(wěn)定性應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域用于航空事業(yè)，化學(xué)領(lǐng)域等目錄1簡(jiǎn)介?美國(guó)公司?定義2用途3特性4國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀5力學(xué)性能6分類(lèi)簡(jiǎn)介播報(bào)編輯是一種鎳基耐腐蝕合金，主要分成鎳-鉻合金與鎳鉻鉬合金兩大類(lèi)。具有良好的抗腐蝕性和熱穩(wěn)定性，多用于航空事業(yè)，化學(xué)領(lǐng)域等。美國(guó)公司公司前身的Haynes Stellite Work （哈茨鈷鉻鎢工廠）于1921年創(chuàng)立于美國(guó)印地安那州 Kokomo，距今已有92年歷史，在九十余年經(jīng)歷的生產(chǎn)和研究中不斷創(chuàng)新與發(fā)明，從而在高合金領(lǐng)域穩(wěn)居世界首位。Haynes國(guó)際公司注重產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)和開(kāi)發(fā)。主要從事高質(zhì)量的耐腐和耐高溫鎳-鈷合金的開(kāi)發(fā)和生產(chǎn)。公司的專(zhuān)家技術(shù)人員在全球范圍內(nèi)提供進(jìn)一步的客戶服務(wù)和技術(shù)支持。Haynes公司的服務(wù)中心及分支機(jī)構(gòu)能為客戶及時(shí)提供板材、棒材、管材、鍛件、法蘭和連接件等 [1]。定義(Hastelloy alloy)就是美國(guó)國(guó)際公司所生產(chǎn)的鎳基耐蝕合金的商業(yè)牌號(hào)的統(tǒng)稱(chēng)。包括鎳鉬系哈斯特洛伊(Hastelloy)B-2，鎳鉻鉬系哈斯特洛伊(Hastelloy)C-4等。牌號(hào)包括以下幾個(gè)牌號(hào)：HASTELLOY B-2 鎳鉬合金，在還原性環(huán)境中有優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性HASTELLOY B-3 B-2的升級(jí)版，對(duì)任何溫度和濃度的鹽酸都有極好的耐腐蝕性。HASTELLOY C-4 較好的熱穩(wěn)定性，650-1040攝氏度有較好的韌性和耐腐蝕性能。HASTELLOY C-22 在氧化介質(zhì)中耐均勻腐蝕能力比C-4和C-276好，耐局部腐蝕能力優(yōu)異HASTELLOY C-276 對(duì)氧化性和中等還原性腐蝕有較好的抵抗能力，優(yōu)異的抗應(yīng)力腐蝕能力。HASTELLOY C-2000 性能最全面的耐蝕合金，在氧化和還原環(huán)境中均具有優(yōu)秀的耐均勻腐蝕能力。HASTELLOY G-35 G-30的升級(jí)產(chǎn)品，耐腐蝕和熱穩(wěn)定性更佳優(yōu)異HASTELLOY G-30 高鉻含量鎳基合金，在磷酸及其他強(qiáng)氧化性混合酸介質(zhì)中表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。HASTELLOY X 綜合高強(qiáng)度，抗氧化和易加工；以上每個(gè)牌號(hào)都有具體的化學(xué)成分，機(jī)械性能，各有所長(zhǎng)，不能一概而論說(shuō)有什么特性。用途播報(bào)編輯板適用于各種含有氧化和還原性介質(zhì)的化學(xué)工業(yè)。較高的鉬、鉻含量使合金能夠耐氯離子腐蝕，鎢元素進(jìn)一步提高了耐蝕性。同時(shí)C-276管是僅有的幾種耐潮濕氯氣、次氯酸鹽及二氧化氯溶液腐蝕的材料之一，對(duì)高濃度的氯化鹽溶液如氯化鐵和氯化銅有顯著的耐蝕性。應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域、熱交換器、波紋管補(bǔ)償器、化工設(shè)備、煙氣脫硫脫硝、造紙工業(yè)、航天應(yīng)用、酸性環(huán)境 [1]。特性播報(bào)編輯①在氧化和還原兩氛圍狀態(tài)中，對(duì)大多數(shù)腐蝕介質(zhì)具有優(yōu)異的耐腐蝕性能。管②有出色的耐點(diǎn)蝕、縫隙腐蝕和應(yīng)力開(kāi)裂腐蝕性能。國(guó)內(nèi)現(xiàn)狀播報(bào)編輯在國(guó)內(nèi)應(yīng)用已經(jīng)很廣泛，世界各大鋼廠也紛紛在中國(guó)設(shè)立了辦事處等機(jī)構(gòu)，以便更好的為國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)服務(wù)。國(guó)內(nèi)備貨現(xiàn)狀：管材、板材，焊材，鍛件而且國(guó)內(nèi)也成長(zhǎng)了一批加工廠，可加工配件等產(chǎn)品。如Hastelloy C276、Hastelloy B-2等以及Monel 400、純鎳、Inconel600、NS337等耐蝕合金；鑄件材料執(zhí)行ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，權(quán)威第三方：國(guó)家鋼鐵材料測(cè)試中心提供成分與性能檢測(cè)報(bào)告 [1]。力學(xué)性能播報(bào)編輯1、來(lái)自Hastelloy，始于哈氏B合金，應(yīng)用于航空器的火箭噴嘴；隨后的哈氏C合金在化工工業(yè)，石油化工，核能源工業(yè)及制藥行業(yè)得到應(yīng)用與推廣；緊接著的哈氏X合金表現(xiàn)出了極好的耐高溫性能，伴隨著噴氣式飛機(jī)工業(yè)的急速增長(zhǎng)。2、由于早期的B,C,以及X合金需要焊接后固溶處理，否則，焊接熱影響區(qū)的耐腐蝕性能會(huì)大大降低；所以上述合金已經(jīng)逐漸被改進(jìn)或不再使用；3、影響上述材料焊接性能的關(guān)鍵原因在于C,Si含量，由于精煉技術(shù)的出現(xiàn)與提高，焊接方面的問(wèn)題得以改善，于是出現(xiàn)很多正在推廣使用的改進(jìn)型的哈氏B系列，哈氏C系列合金等，非常遺憾的是很多的生產(chǎn)與推廣單位反而將前期的取代后來(lái)改進(jìn)的，不僅不降低C,Si含量，反而回到以前高Si,高C含量上；特殊鋼事業(yè)的推廣任重道遠(yuǎn)。4、耐還原性介質(zhì)的哈氏B系列合金在哈氏B牌號(hào)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改進(jìn)，改進(jìn)的側(cè)重點(diǎn)包括極低的C,Si含量改善焊接區(qū)域的性能，進(jìn)一步合金化思路，純凈化鋼水思路的應(yīng)用等，這樣B系列出現(xiàn)哈氏B-2,哈氏B-3,哈氏B-4合金；其中哈氏B-2合金一定程度上解決了焊接區(qū)域性能問(wèn)題；哈氏B-3解決了哈氏B-2容易析出Ni-Mo沉淀硬化的缺點(diǎn)，極大的改善了熱加工與冷加工性能。5、還原性環(huán)境應(yīng)用材料哈氏B系列改進(jìn)過(guò)程中；在氧化還原復(fù)合環(huán)境中的哈氏C系列合金也在持續(xù)改進(jìn)，其中哈氏C276合金由于更低的C,Si含量而一定程度上改進(jìn)了焊接區(qū)域性能問(wèn)題，但是仍舊不太滿意，加上加工性能沒(méi)能加大改善；而哈氏C22材料較徹底解決了焊接區(qū)域的耐腐蝕問(wèn)題，加工性能問(wèn)題，更主要是在材料成本不提高的基礎(chǔ)上解決的，所以哈氏C22材料是哈氏C系列中性?xún)r(jià)比最高的材料，以后必將更大批量的應(yīng)用；而新近開(kāi)發(fā)的哈氏C2000材料在合金中加入了Cu,這拓展了哈氏C合金在還原性環(huán)境中的腐蝕能力，為更安全的使用，為更高的設(shè)備壽命要求，新工藝試制場(chǎng)合提供了可能。是超低碳型，Ni、Mo、Cr系列鎳基、耐蝕、耐高溫材料(Hastelloy),因它具有極好的耐高溫性能，抗氧化性，焊縫影響區(qū)耐腐蝕性，具有很好的長(zhǎng)期熱穩(wěn)定性及可加工性，在農(nóng)業(yè)化工、核設(shè)施、生物制藥等苛刻工業(yè)環(huán)境中被應(yīng)用。它在濕氧、亞硫酸、醋酸、甲酸和強(qiáng)氧化鹽的介質(zhì)中，也具有優(yōu)異的耐蝕性、耐均勻腐蝕性及耐晶間腐蝕性，因此在化學(xué)工業(yè)也被廣泛應(yīng)用，合哈氏金的導(dǎo)電率和導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)要比低碳鋼低得多，而電阻率和膨脹率都比低碳鋼高得多，熔池流動(dòng)性差，潤(rùn)濕性差，穿透力小，熔深淺。分類(lèi)播報(bào)編輯(Hastelloyalloy)主要分為B、C、G三個(gè)系列，它主要用于鐵基Cr-Ni或Cr-Ni-Mo不銹鋼、非金屬材料等無(wú)法使用的強(qiáng)腐蝕性介質(zhì)場(chǎng)合。牌號(hào)為改善的耐蝕性能和冷、熱加工性能，先后進(jìn)行了三次重大改進(jìn)，其發(fā)展過(guò)程如下：B系列：B→B-2(00Ni70Mo28)→B-3C系列：C→C-276(00Cr16Mo16W4)→C-4(00Cr16Mo16)→C-22(00Cr22Mo13W3)→C-2000(00Cr20Mo16)G系列：G→G-3（00Cr22Ni48Mo7Cu）→G-30(00Cr30Ni48Mo7Cu)使用最廣泛的是第二代材料N10665(B-2)、N10276(C-276)、N06022(C-22)、N06455(C-4)和N06985(G-3) 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3.極好的抗中等濃度硫酸和許多非氧化性酸腐蝕性。 4.很好的抗氯離子還原應(yīng)力腐蝕開(kāi)裂性（SCC）。 5.優(yōu)秀的耐各種有機(jī)酸腐蝕的能力HastelloyB-2條件應(yīng)力值在允許變形量略大的應(yīng)用中，可以選擇相應(yīng)溫度下達(dá)90%屈服強(qiáng)度值的較大的條件應(yīng)力值。由于永久性的應(yīng)變發(fā)生，這些應(yīng)力會(huì)導(dǎo)致尺寸的變化，因此建議不要用于法蘭和密封連接件。 HastelloyB-2金相結(jié)構(gòu) HastelloyB-2為面心立方晶格結(jié)構(gòu)。通過(guò)控制鐵和鉻含量在***小值，降低了加工脆性，阻止了在700-870℃見(jiàn)Ni4Mo相的析出。 HastelloyB-2耐腐蝕性鎳鉬合金B(yǎng)-2的碳、硅含量極低，降低了焊接熱影響區(qū)碳和其它雜質(zhì)相的析出，因此其焊縫也具有足夠的抗腐蝕性。 合金B(yǎng)-2在還原性介質(zhì)中具有很好的抗腐蝕性，如各種溫度和濃度的鹽酸溶液。在中等濃度的硫酸溶液（或者含有一定量的氯離子）中也具有很好的抗腐蝕性。同時(shí)也能用于醋酸和磷酸環(huán)境。合金材料只有在適宜的金相狀態(tài)和純凈的晶體結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)才能具有良好的耐腐蝕性。 新開(kāi)發(fā)的Hastelloy B-4與Hastelloy B-2相比，除了具有相同的抗一般腐蝕和晶間腐蝕性能外，進(jìn)一步提高了抗應(yīng)力腐蝕開(kāi)裂的性能，同時(shí)抗敏化性也提高了。HastelloyB-2應(yīng)用范圍HastelloyB-2在化學(xué)、石化、能源制造和污染控制領(lǐng)域中有著廣泛的應(yīng)用，尤其是在硫酸、鹽酸、磷酸、醋酸等工業(yè)中。若應(yīng)用于特殊領(lǐng)域，請(qǐng)咨詢(xún)材料供應(yīng)商。 HastelloyB-2加工和熱處理HastelloyB-2加熱在熱處理之前及熱處理過(guò)程中應(yīng)始終保持工件清潔和無(wú)污染，這一點(diǎn)非常重要。在加熱過(guò)程中不能接觸硫、磷、鉛及其它低熔點(diǎn)金屬，否則會(huì)損害合金的性能，使Hastelloy B-2變脆。應(yīng)注意清除諸如標(biāo)記漆、溫度指示漆、彩色蠟筆、粉筆、潤(rùn)滑油、各種液體及油污、燃料等污漬。燃料中的含硫量越低越好，天然氣和液化石油氣中的硫的總含量應(yīng)少于0.1%，城市煤氣中硫的含量***多不超過(guò)0.25g/m3，燃油中硫含量應(yīng)少于0.5%。爐氣必須潔凈并以微還原性為宜，應(yīng)避免爐氣在氧化性和還原性之間波動(dòng)，加熱火焰不能直接燒向工件。應(yīng)盡量快地加熱至要求的溫度。HastelloyB-2熱加工 HastelloyB-2的熱加工溫度范圍1160℃～900℃，冷卻方式為水淬。為保證優(yōu)秀的防腐性能，熱加工后應(yīng)進(jìn)行退火。熱加工時(shí)，工件應(yīng)直接加入已升溫的熱處理爐。HastelloyB-2冷加工冷加工需在固溶退火態(tài)進(jìn)行。HastelloyB-2的加工硬化率大于奧氏體不銹鋼，因此需要對(duì)加工設(shè)備進(jìn)行相應(yīng)調(diào)整。在冷加工過(guò)程中應(yīng)有中間退火。若冷軋變形量大于15%，則在使用前需要對(duì)工件進(jìn)行固溶處理。HastelloyB-2熱處理 HastelloyB-2的固溶處理溫度范圍是1060℃～1080℃。對(duì)于厚度大于1.5mm的材料推薦采用冷卻方式為水淬或快速空冷以保證良好的耐腐蝕性能。在所有熱處理過(guò)程中，應(yīng)注意遵守前述的必須保持工件清潔的事項(xiàng)。HastelloyB-2去氧化物：HastelloyB-2的表面氧化物、氧化色和焊縫周?chē)暮冈母街员炔讳P鋼強(qiáng)，推薦使用細(xì)晶砂帶或細(xì)晶砂輪進(jìn)行打磨。酸洗前，用噴砂處理或小心打磨把氧化物打碎。使用HNO3/HF混合酸進(jìn)行適當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)間和溫度酸洗。由于合金對(duì)氧化介質(zhì)的敏感性，合金的重量可能會(huì)損失，并且伴隨較多的含氮?dú)怏w生成。 HastelloyB-2機(jī)加工HastelloyB-2應(yīng)在退火之后進(jìn)行機(jī)加工，由于材料的加工硬化率較高，因此宜采用比加工低合金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)奧氏體不銹鋼低的切削速度和重進(jìn)刀進(jìn)行加工，才能切入冷作硬化的表層下面。HastelloyB-2焊接 HastelloyB-2能采用鎢電極保護(hù)氣體焊（GTAW/TIG）或者在特定環(huán)境下采用氣體保護(hù)電弧焊(SMAW/MMA)。待焊接的材料應(yīng)為退火態(tài)，去除氧化皮、油污和各種標(biāo)記印痕，焊縫兩邊母材的寬約25mm 的區(qū)域必須打磨至光亮金屬。HastelloyB-2的熱導(dǎo)率低于鋼鐵，采用單V-型焊接接口時(shí)，角度應(yīng)為70°，并采用低熱量輸入，層間溫度不超過(guò)120℃。氧化色可以在焊縫還熱的時(shí)候刷除。有些應(yīng)用中需要焊后熱處理來(lái)消除殘余應(yīng)力，提高抗應(yīng)力腐蝕開(kāi)裂性能。為得到優(yōu)秀的耐腐蝕性能，推薦采用氬弧焊，即鎢電極惰性氣體保護(hù)焊GTAW。 PRODUCT PARAMETERS 產(chǎn)品參數(shù) HastelloyB-2哈氏合金典型化學(xué)成分CCrNiFeCoMnSiPSMo≤0.02 ≤1.0余量 ≤2.0≤1.0 ≤1.0≤0.2 ≤0.04≤0.0326.0-30.0HastelloyB-2哈氏合金物理性能：密度： 9.22g/cm3彈性模量： 217KN/mm2硬度： 40HRC熔點(diǎn)： 1370℃電阻率： 137μΩcm熱膨脹系數(shù)：（20-100℃）：11.2μm/m℃工作溫度： －200-＋400℃ 上一頁(yè)：HASTELLOY C-2000
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